"malin kundang legends"

Once upon a time, on the north coast of Sumatra lived a poor woman and his son. The boy was called Malin Kundang. They didn’t earn much as fishing was their only source of income. Malin Kundang grew up as a skillful young boy. He always helps his mother to earn some money. However, as they were only fisherman’s helper, they still lived in poverty. “Mother, what if I sail overseas?” asked Malin Kundang one day to his mother. Her mother didn’t agree but Malin Kundang had made up his mind. “Mother, if I stay here, I’ll always be a poor man. I want to be a successful person,” urged Malin kundang. His mother wiped her tears, “If you really want to go, I can’t stop you. I could only pray to God for you to gain success in life,” said his mother wisely. “But, promise me, you’ll come home.”

In the next morning, Malin Kundang was ready to go. Three days ago, he met one of the successful ship’s crew. Malin was offered to join him. “Take a good care of yourself, son,” said Malin Kundang’s mother as she gave him some food supplies. “Yes, Mother,” Malin Kundang said. “You too have to take a good care of yourself. I’ll keep in touch with you,” he continued before kissing his mother’s hand. Before Malin stepped onto the ship, Malin’s mother hugged him tight as if she didn’t want to let him go.

It had been three months since Malin Kundang left his mother. As his mother had predicted before, he hadn’t contacted her yet. Every morning, she stood on the pier. She wished to see the ship that brought Malin kundang home. Every day and night, she prayed to the God for her son’s safety. There was so much prayer that had been said due to her deep love for Malin Kundang. Even though it’s been a year she had not heard any news from Malin Kundang, she kept waiting and praying for him.

After several years waiting without any news, Malin Kundang’s mother was suddenly surprised by the arrival of a big ship in the pier where she usually stood to wait for her son. When the ship finally pulled over, Malin Kundang’s mother saw a man who looked wealthy stepping down a ladder along with a beautiful woman. She could not be wrong. Her blurry eyes still easily recognized him. The man was Malin Kundang, her son.

Malin Kundang’s mother quickly went to see her beloved son. “Malin, you’re back, son!” said Malin Kundang’s mother and without hesitation, she came running to hug Malin Kundang, “I miss you so much.” But, Malin Kundang didn’t show any respond. He was ashamed to admit his own mother in front of his beautiful wife. “You’re not my Mother. I don’t know you. My mother would never wear such ragged and ugly clothes,” said Malin Kundang as he release his mother embrace.

Malin Kundang’s mother take a step back, “Malin…You don’t recognize me? I’m your mother!” she said sadly. Malin Kundang’s face was as cold as ice. “Guard, take this old women out of here,” Malin Kundang ordered his bodyguard. “Give her some money so she won’t disturb me again!” Malin Kundang’s mother cried as she was dragged by the bodyguard, ”Malin… my son. Why do you treat your own mother like this?”

Malin Kundang ignored his mother and ordered the ship crews to set sail. Malin Kundang’s mother sat alone in the pier. Her heart was so hurt, she cried and cried. “Dear God, if he isn’t my son, please let him have a save journey. But if he is, I cursed him to become a stone,” she prayed to the God.

In the quiet sea, suddenly the wind blew so hard and a thunderstorm came. Malin Kundang’s huge ship was wrecked. He was thrown by the wave out of his ship, and fell on a small island. Suddenly, his whole body turned into stone. He was punished for not admitting his own mother.***

"sangkuriang legends"

On one day, as usual Sangkuriang go into the woods to hunt. Once when he got in the woods, Sangkuriang start looking for prey. He saw there was a bird that was perched on the branch, and then without thinking Sangkuriang shot, and right on target. Sangkuriang then ordered to chase quarry Tumang earlier, but the Tumang silent and refused to follow orders Sangkuriang. Because very annoyed at Tumang, and then drove Tumang Sangkuriang and not allowed to go home with him again.

At home, Sangkuriang told the incident to her mother. Upon hearing the story of her son, Dayang Sumbi very angry. She took a spoon of rice, and struck to the head Sangkuriang. Because the treatment was disappointed with his mother, then Sangkuriang decided to go wandering, and left the house.

After the incident, Dayang Sumbi deeply regretted his actions. He prayed every day, and ask that one day could see her son again. Because of the seriousness of these Sumbi Dayang prayer, then God gave him a gift of eternal beauty and youth forever. After many years Sangkuriang wandering, he eventually intends to return to his hometown. When I got there, he was very surprised at all, because his hometown had changed completely. Sangkuriang excitement grows as the time in the middle of the road met a woman who is very beautiful, which is none other than Dayang Sumbi.

Since the enchanted by her beauty, then direct Sangkuriang proposed. Finally an application is received by Dayang Sangkuriang Sumbi, and agreed to be married in the near future. On one day, Sangkuriang his future wife for permission to hunt on health. Before leaving, he asked Dayang Sumbi to tighten and straighten kapalanya tie.

Dayang Sumbi surprise, because when she smoothed Sangkuriang headband, he saw a scar. The scar is a scar similar to his son. When asked about the cause of the wound Sangkuriang it, Dayang Sumbi tekejut increases, because it is true that her husband was her own.

Dayang Sumbi very distraught, because he can not marry his own son. After Sangkuriang home hunting, Dayang Sumbi Sangkuriang tried totalkto,soSangkuriangcancel their wedding plans. Dayang Sumbi request is not approved Sangkuriang, and only considered the wind and just.

Dayang Sumbi every day thinking about how to order their wedding never happened. After thinking hard, Dayang Sumbi finally found the best way. He proposed two conditions to Sangkuriang.

If Sangkuriang can meet both these requirements, it would be Dayang Sumbi wife, but rather if the marriage fails then it will be canceled. The first requirement Dayang Sumbi wants Citarum river dammed. And the second is, ask Sangkuriang to make a very large boat to cross a river. Both conditions must be resolved before dawn. Sangkuriang second undertakes such request Sumbi Dayang, and pledged to finish before dawn. With the magic he has, and mobilize Sangkuriang friends from the jinn to help solve these tasks. Secretly, Dayang Sumbi peeking from Sangkuriang work. Surprise him, because Sangkuriang almost all conditions menyelesaiklan given Dayang Sumbi before dawn.

Dayang Sumbi then ask for help communities to spread out a red silk cloth in the east of the city. When he saw the color red in the east of the city, Sangkuriang thought that it was late morning. Sangkuriang immediately stopped work and was not able to meet the requirements that have been proposed by Dayang Sumbi. With a sense of annoyance and disappointment, and then break down the dam Sangkuriang who has made himsel

Because of it, the flood occurred and the whole city under water. Sangkuriang also kicked a big boat that has been made. The canoe was floated and fell face down, then became a mountain named Tangkuban Perahu.

"majapahit History"

Majapahit was a kingdom in Indonesia that once stood from about 1293 to 1500 AD This kingdom reached the top of glory and becoming great empire that controls a wide area during the reign of Hayam Wuruk, who ruled from 1350 until 1389. Kingdom of Majapahit was the last Hindu-Buddhist kingdom that controls the archipelago and is considered as one of the greatest country in the history of Indonesia. Its power lies in Java, Sumatra, the Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Indonesia to the east, although it is disputed territory.
There is little physical evidence remains of Majapahit, and its history is unclear. The main sources used by historians is Pararaton ('The Book of Kings') in Kawi language and Nagarakretagama in Old Javanese. Pararaton particularly telling Ken Arok (founder of the Kingdom Singhasari) but also contains some short sections on the formation of Majapahit. Meanwhile, Nagarakertagama a poem written in Old Javanese Majapahit golden age under the reign of Hayam Wuruk. After that time, the thing that happens is not clear. In addition, there are some inscriptions in Old Javanese language and the history of China and other countries. The accuracy of all Java-language manuscript is disputed. There is no denying that the resources it contains elements of non-historical and mythical.Some scholars like C.C. Berg considers all manuscripts are not records of the past, but it has a supernatural meaning in this case to know the future. However, many scholars who argue that the outline of these sources can be accepted as consistent with historical records of China, especially the list of rulers and the state of the kingdom that looks pretty certain.
Before the founding of Majapahit, Singhasari has become the most powerful kingdom in Java. This is a concern Kublai Khan, ruler of the Yuan Dynasty in China. He sent a messenger named Meng Chi to Singhasari who demanded tribute. Kertanagara, the last ruler of the kingdom Singhasari refused to pay tribute and embarrass messenger with damage to his face and cut off his ear. Kublai Khan was angry and then dispatch a large expedition to Java in 1293. At that time, Jayakatwang, duke of Kediri, was killed Kertanagara. On the advice of Aria Wiraraja, Jayakatwang give forgiveness to Raden Wijaya, Kertanegara law, who came to surrender. Raden Wijaya then given Pull forest. He opened the forest and build a new village. The village was named Majapahit, whose name is taken from maja fruit, and a sense of "bitterness" of the fruit. When the Mongols arrived, Wijaya allied with the Mongolian army to fight against Jayakatwang. Raden Wijaya turns against ally Mongolnya thus forcing them pull back its troops home as chaotic as they are in foreign territory. It was also their last chance to catch the monsoon winds for to go home, or they should be forced to wait six more months on a foreign island. The exact date is used as date of birth is a day of Majapahit kingdom coronation as king of Raden Wijaya, the 15th of the month Kartika Saka 1215 to coincide with the date of 10 November 1293. He was crowned with the official name Kertarajasa Jayawardhana. The kingdom was facing problems.Some people trusted Katarajasa, including Ranggalawe, Sora, and Nambi rebelled against him, although the rebellion was not successful.Slamet Muljana suspect that Mahapatih Halayudha who conspiring to overthrow the king trusted everybody, so he can reach the highest positions in government. But after the death of the last rebels (Kuti), Halayudha arrested and jailed, and then sentenced to death. Wijaya died in 1309. Son and successor Wijaya, Jayanegara, Pararaton Gemet called Kala, meaning "weak villain". Approximately at some time in the next administration Jayanegara, an Italian priest, Odorico da Pordenone visited the kingdom of Majapahit in Java. In 1328, Jayanegara killed by tabibnya, Tanca. His stepmother is Gayatri Rajapatni should replace him, but Rajapatni chose to resign from the palace and become nuns.Rajapatni Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi appoint his daughter to become queen of Majapahit. In 1336, Gajah Mada Tribhuwana appointed as Mahapatih, at the inauguration of Gajah Mada Palapa Oath say that shows his plan to expand power and build an empire of Majapahit. During the reign Tribhuwana, Majapahit kingdom developed into larger and more famous in the islands of the archipelago. Tribhuwana Majapahit ruled until her death in 1350. He continued by his son, Hayam Wuruk.

"jeoelous"

JEOELOUS

Alia clearly visible, the girl out of the house perkarangan Ikwan. Alia also appears Ikwan brought the pretty girl with a wave and a smile are ripe. Ikwan said, the girl is his little friend. But since she arrived, Ikwan getting away from it, Ikwan often come out with the girl. Alia liver hurts! 

Ikwan menelefonnya rarely present. In fact, if Alia call at home, always just out. The handset also always send an order to leave the sound alone, when asked why, said Ikwan discharged battery.Never run out of battery during the week? If you can call even louder just Ikwan conversation with him.As if there is no longer a topic of interest going on kongsikannya with Alia. Alia sense heat Ikwan attitude change. Because of the presence of a beautiful girl who came home from London.Kononnya old friends, either, whether old lover! 

"She's only je tu come from outside the country, again no matter they are meeting friends from the small, indeed much dibualkan son after so long not seen." Alia mahu believe the words of Nina who memujuknya it. But the jealous hearts Alia was also thrashed mahu not lose. Jadik must not ya! 

"But Nina .. Wan dah change! He kind of forget about Leah dah .. he kind of lazy dah nak met or at least prate with Lia .. since the arrival of a pretty good friend tu! "growled Alia when teringatkan girl.Alia hurt if pictured that beautiful face. Indeed, she's really pretty! His nose is more pointed than Alia, her skin white and smooth. Not as Alia who skinned sowo mature. His eyes were large decorated eyelashes long and tapering and thick black forehead. Her cheeks were passionate and slippery kind of tomato skin. Her lips were small and pink lipstick without the need to be swept.Long straight hair was also separas chest. Where man's heart is not captured. Alia know Beza between him and the girl is like heaven to earth. 
Alia looked into the mirror, the reflection from the mirror presents a wry face mencuka. She saw his forehead that juice, small eyes and short eyelashes. Her skin is as smooth and segebu girl.Pale lips only. If you do not wear lipstick immediately unattractive. Alia bencikan apparently first! He wants to look beautiful, more beautiful than the girl! 

Alia also compare himself with the girl, she just got Diploma in Management and is now so ordinary clerk in a private Sarekat. The girl was just too exhausted to study outside the country with the title Bachelor of Law. If you can work later, his salary would reach number two thousand. Ah! The girl was a precious jewel for instance, when Alia like a sand-drenched streets. Alia complain anymore. 

"Definitely not interested Ikwan to be with me anymore .. Ikwan already met the girl who according to him .. "said Alia alone. Alia conscious, Ikwan not commensurate with it, he served as Deputy Executive in Sarekat mother.They are the ones being, not a simple kind of Alia.But Alia heart still hopes, he hopes will return Ikwan intimate as ever. Alia remember their introduction to a short but meaningful. 

"Encik Haris there?" Those were the words Ikwan when entered into the boss officials to meet with Alia, who is the customer. 

"Emn .. he came out an instant! There's nothing I can do for you? "Said Alia while mengkagumi way paras man standing in front. Ikwan very conceited.Gentle smile and soft voice. 

"Emn .. never mind! Let me wait for him .. " 

"Oh .. if so .. please .. " 

Ikwan sitting at a table waiting for a table overlooking Alia, Alia occasionally glanced at the membelek Ikwan-Belek magazines available on the table. If conscious himself attention, throwing Ikwan menawannya smile. Alia so blushed. Not long after his boss Encik Haris back. Ikwan officials immediately went into chambers Encik Haris. 

Left tengahari, Alia border down to eat at restaurants, when Alia waiting for their order, all of a sudden a voice greeting. 
"May I join you?" 

Alia Ikwan somewhat surprised when you see standing at the edge of his desk. 

"All the tables were full .." she said with a smile that melt hearts Alia. Alia faltered a bit but let Ikwan sit at the table with him. They prate and introduce myself first, respectively. Perbualan At first they were a little damp, but Ikwan berjenaka clever. Alia incessant laughter makes. KAD Ikwan submit his name to Alia, she also pays all food prices. 

"Thank you, spending my eating .." Alia said before they parted. 

"Call me if there's time .." Laung Ikwan before leaving. Alia nodded. Her heart bloom brightly. 

Since that day, they are often linked. Ikwan always talk about anything with him. Ikwan will vomit everything I want dikongsikannya at Alia. Over time relationship with Alia Ikwan be close. Pistil-stigma love blossomed. Ikwan apply his love on the day of the birth of the twenty-five years. With interest sejambak, kek Harijadi and a chain. Alia will not forget how happy heart lady that day. Like a princess who achieve their dreams. 
But that was before, before the presence of a pretty girl who just returned from outside the country. Now Ikwan increasingly busy. He did not have time to contact Alia. He had no other friends to berkongsi mahu story was the problem. If the first, Alialah where to complain if his heart restless or too tired to work, now there is another girl who took over that role. Alia increasingly terkilan. 

*************** 

Alia no contact Ikwan again after he appeared to her out of the house Ikwan. Alia mahu not become the face of the wall that does not know shame. Let Ikwan contact him if he still remembers him. Alia wanted to consider its relationship with Ikwan has ended. 

He took the decision after thinking carefully.Although there were no words broken between them, Alia more willingly than to hear the word of mouth Ikwan farewell. But after two weeks, Ikwan not also contacted. Alia Heart increasingly go to pieces. 

"Hi Leah .. kebelakangan your face clouded je ni .. "Sapa Aaron, co-workers movement. 

"You do not get busy!!" 

"Eh! Angry? "Sakat him again. Alia pull a sour face. He's always moping because of its relationship with Ikwan chill. 

"I'm not what Leah .. but as a friend, I also saw you kesian ni .. any body shrinkage dah .. you eat ya heart? " 
Aaron voiced again. Alia challenged Aaron with a sharp advance. She does not like other people go hand in case peribadinya. 

"I know the relationship you long dah with Encik Ikwan tu .. I feel good you just forget about him tu .. I think you also know, Helina had returned from outside the country. Si tu be pretty engaged with Encik Ikwan soon. "Current Aaron really tell it.Blood Alia feels tersirap down to umbun-umbun.He did not expect Ikwan relationship with the pretty girl had reached the stage engaged. 

"Where you can know all ni Aaron?" Alia asked alarmed. True to the slave Aaron ni? Many so he knows about Ikwan. 

"You're amazed? I Helina cousin, is he I know a lot about him and Ikwan .. "Aaron replied with confidence. Alia bowed, his eyes began to burn.There is a clear beads bertakung dibibir eyes.Until the heart Ikwan! 
Want engaged Ikwan not tell him anything. 

"They were paired by keluargakah?" Alia asked again. He hoped Ikwan kerana forced to do so.Alia reluctant to accept the essence if Ikwan really betray her love! 

"Please Alia .. do not expect more! Helina tu indeed her lover .. before you were together Ikwan again. " 

Alia Heart berkecai devastated to hear the truth.So far Ikwan deceived. During this time he was the third party. He's just a doll Ikwan Helina when there is no joint. Just a while back of course! Do not introduce them into the proper Ikwan Helina Helina when new home. Ikwan said another friend from childhood sepermainannya just returned from outside the country. But little did he not speak to introduce Alia on the girl, so it is indeed true Helina old lover like jangkaan Alia! 

Alia felt heartache deepened. His heart though was stabbed with a knife-stab very sharp. He hated Ikwan. He hated Helina! Why do they hurt his heart. Why Ikwan mencambahkan love his heart, but now that love was cruelly killed without mercy! 

"Why did not he tell me?" Said Alia as if to ask Ikwan. 

"I do not know Leah .. he's probably afraid you'll be seeing Helina and claiming to be his girlfriend ..certainly do with Helina will terjejas if it applies .. " 

There is truth in the words of Aaron, the proper Ikwan reluctant to be contacted. He was afraid rahsia relationship with Alia discovered. 

"Aaron .. I nak leave half a day, today .. Encik Haris bagitau please, tell me no advice .. "Alia packing her desk. He wanted to go home and cry your heart's content. He wanted to howl and scream to release the full jointed chest pain. Aaron nodded.He seemed very sympathetic with Alia. 

Alia immediately took the phone and mendail bimbitnya * the Zarul, the younger cousin. "Brother ni .. please take the official's brother! "said Alia talian good as it is connected. 

"Ai! At first .. what is this kak? " 

"Big Brother is not advice day ni .. where are you now? " 

"I'm still in the airport ni .. There temuduga at 11.00 am, I'll take out temuduga What type of brother? " 

Alia complain. He wanted to go home soon. But Zarul too busy. My younger cousin had just finished studying and are looking for work. He dihantar of the village by Alia ibubapanya to stay together while getting a job. Zarul will deliver and retrieve it from work every day. Alia recently bought a train deer but he did not have a guide lesen. Fate let Zarul've got lesen guide, indirectly Zarul a guide while the new Alia begged lesen guide and still in the learning process. 

"Never mind! Sister rose bass alone .. " 

"Eh! is not ..! Zarul come now .. " 

"Kan you temuduga nak .. 'll miss too .. now dah at 10:30 a.m.. " 

"Alah .. still have time! "Talian continue to be decided. Alia complain. Zarul mahu menghantarnya insisted he go home even though there temuduga. Alia was forced to wait. A few minutes away and then you hear a tree outside.Alia get out and into the belly rail. 

"Look .. already at 10.40am .. Where have time! "Alia said, pointing at his watch on Zarul. 

"Had .. not much! "replied laughing Zarul small. 

"Ha .. take rate was tu nak! Zarul .. sister good sense to go where temuduga Zarul tu, brother waiting on the train. "Alia Parts. 

"Emn .. good idea .. "Zarul agree. The train immediately drove to the place gone. 

"Eh! You temuduga here? " 

Zarul nod. Alia knew right with the building. The building is owned by the mother Ikwan. So Zarul go temuduga in family-owned Sarekat Ikwan. Alia is really not happy! 

"Zarul just wink .. wait ya brother! "Zarul bergeges into the building. 

Alia Zarul listening to the radio while waiting to go inside. Suddenly the train entered a parking actually on the train. Alia kind of knew the train, she turned to look at the pilot. Alia snapped, Ikwan!Alia then pretended not to see Ikwan. Alia bowed his head as he read the letter purchased Zarul khabar. When Alia was definitely Ikwan has gone before Alia cangak tercangak-looking double-bladed paddle him. Mixed feelings. He did not know why he's back away from bersemuka with Ikwan. Let the relationship they passed like the wind that came to greet him instantly. It is hardly necessary anymore Alia want a big battle with Ikwan or Helina. Alia aware who he was. If the petulant boy let on that, dear, if people never want to make what dah nak Alia terhegih-hegih collect Ikwan attention. But deep in the corner of Alia's heart, he felt enough pain and misery. Love that blooms in her heart was not easily going to be disposed of in sekelip eye! 

When he was busy contemplating the fate of himself, suddenly appeared knocked Zarul mirror train. Behind him look Ikwan have viewed it with a face full of mystery. Alia immediately opened the casement. 

"Brother .. I have been accepted to work here ..emn! Ni was my boss .. he said sonny See you brother .. "said Zarul smile. Alia Heart into hell. He looked at the face Ikwan Zarul and turns. 

"Emn .. we may proficient alone ..? "said Ikwan calmly. 

Alia felt tongue-tied. He believes, Ikwan mahu frank with him now. Bertakung initially felt tears in her eyes lips. Alia nodded slowly. 

"Lia Wan ride the train?" Ikwan open the carriage door. Alia nodded again. He was soon out of the train kancilnya and into the wagon Honda Ikwan. 

"Zarul back first lah!" Said Alia on Zarul. Zarul rather kehairanan kerana boss invites his cousin would get into the carriage as well. But Zarul not argue. He entered the train and supply. 

"We went the usual place?" Ikwan said softly. Alia did not answer. He just imagined hilltop where they always spend time relaxing there. By bringing a little bekalan, they seemed berkelah at the top of the hill. But that was before, before the presence of Helina. Alia sure, Ikwan want to talk about their relationship today. Maybe today is the last day they visit the beautiful hilltop. 

"Why silent?" 

Alia turned to look at Ikwan. Ikwan glanced at him as he continued to walk. "Emn .. nothing .. "Alia replied lazily. 

Actually he mahu jointed to vomit everything in his heart. He asked about Helina mahu and why Ikwan merahsiakan Helina do with all this. Alia wanted to rage and inflame the attitude that playing Ikwan hearts and feelings. However, Alia is only silence, he did not know what to say about Ikwan. Her love is so deep and Alia Ikwan resigned if forced to hear the bad khabar today. 

Ten minutes away and then they got to the top of the hill. It was quiet and cold. But Alia increasingly frightened hearts. Afraid to face parting words from Ikwan. Ikwan kerana toying cruel pride. Alia mahu not look stupid with rage or bounced on a real Ikwan make it as a toy doll. That determination Alia. Alia wanted to continue to be patient! 

"Why did not say anything of Lia ..?" Asked Ikwan again. He looked at Alia's eyes as if searching for something there. Alia grim face alone. No nothing except grief in his eyes. 

"Wan Cakaplah what good son .." Alia said removing his gaze from the face Ikwan. Ikwan heavy sigh. It's hard to strike up the words. 

"Wan know, discouraged kerana Wan Alia seemed to distance themselves from Leah .. Wan excuse .. "Ikwan first opening words. Alia bite your lip to hold melancholy in his heart. 

"Leah was not mahu contact Wan again .. Leah also seems not to know about Wan mahu take anymore .. "Link Ikwan. 

Alia kept silent, he is reluctant to say anything. Let Ikwan deliver his last words before they parted.Alia prepared to hear the truth that will definitely hurt it. 

"Let Wan frank with Lia ..." 

Alia Ikwan soon pass over. He knew what was going to hear. Tears already whole. Ikwan no tears menyedari kerana Alia immediately hid her face with a thick forest overlooking. 

"Wan .." Alia voice hoarse. "Can not no trouble Wan Wan capable of what good boy .." still turned Ikwan Alia. Her voice quivered, Ikwan first upheaval in the sense of feeling there is Alia. He wanted to play up. 

"Leah .. Wan knew Leah sulk! Wan Wan wrong idea .. We reconciled o.k? " 

Alia immediately turned to Ikwan. Ikwan touched to see tears streaming Alia that was. "Until the heart Wan .. Leah knew Lia was commensurate with Wan, Wan but why did not overtly with Leah? Wan ought not have to apologize to Leah .. let alone Leah! Just Married with sweetheart Wan tu .. until liver Lia Wan permainkan feelings .. "burst out all the jointed to his heart. Ikwan face appears surprised. 

"Why? Wan never thought Leah had known ties with Helina Wan? Wan Wan thought Leah did not know my son engaged to him? Suffice Wan .. Leah careful not to torture my son again .. "says Alia half scream. Ikwan looked at him dumbfounded. 

"Where can the story ni Leah?" 

"It's not important .. important why Lia Wan permainkan feelings .. why Wan Wan mahu with Leah while there Helina dah .. " 

"Leah .. Leah .. Leah! Wan did not understand ..Where can Lia Wan nak story fiance by Helina, oath Leah! He's just a good friend of small Wan again. He's not a lover Wan! " 

Alia initially silent, tears subside heard Ikwan. They looked at each other. 

"Yes ..?" Said Alia while mengesat tears. Ikwan nod. 

"But why not introduce Lia Wan with him? Wan Why keep himself since he arrived? "Wan heavy breathing. He stepped into the carriage and take something. 

"Well!" 

Some pieces of the picture dihulurkan to Alia. Alia membelek all the images. Overall the picture he's with Zarul, when the train, on the highway and in perkarangan home. 

"Why are there pictures and Zarul Lia ..?" Said Alia did not understand. 

"This picture Kerana Wan abstain from Leah .. a few weeks off, a letter sent on the Wan. In the letter there is a picture Lia and Zarul. Kononnya Zarul is fiance Leah .. Leah Leah has ditunangkan by family .. Wan was frust la when to know .. "Ikwan story calmly. 

"But why not ask Lia Wan?" Said Alia with a brighter face. The remains of tears are gone. 

"That is mistaken Wan! Wan mahu Lia own frank with Wan .. but Lia was not competent louder anything, Zarul live with Leah .. but do not tell the slightest Lia Wan .. Wan certainly misconception.Wan growled, anger and hate on Leah because tu nak service Lia Wan lazy .. lazy boy welcome call Leah .. Manalah Wan know Zarul tu younger cousin Leah .. mujurlah temuduga he came earlier, Wan still cam face in the picture Zarul tu. Lee Wan is visible in the train waiting Zarul before, but not reprimanded Lee Wan Wan kerana still misconception with Lia, but off earlier Zarul temuduga, Wan Zarul asked who the girl is waiting in the train? Only Wan know Zarul is the younger cousin Leah .. then out for a ni Wan Wan misconception with Lia .. Wan nak sorry, Leah? " 

Alia Ikwan stunned to hear the story. Apparently there was a story that is beyond jangkaannya. Who is who takes a picture with Zarul and say engaged? Alia wrong. 

"Wan is not with Helina fiance?" 

"I swear no! Who is capable ni .. " 

"Aaron .. Helina's cousin! Said Wan Wan's lover before Helina with Leah again .. he would soon be engaged by Helina Wan .. Wan Nor are increasingly distancing themselves from Leah since she came .. "said Alia. He was initially unsure of the words Aaron. 

"Must necessarily Lia Wan remove yourself from the door, because the article image Lia Wan angry with Zarul .. Wan lazy boy introduced by Helina Lee Wan tu kerana period really get me wrong on Leah .. ye sorry dear .. "interesting Ikwan Alia's hand and looked right into his eyes. Alia nodded as she took a breath of relief. He thought about disconnecting Ikwan but now vice versa. 

"It is true that Aaron's cousin tu Helina, but amazed why he is my son also destroy our relationship?" Said Ikwan quizzically. Alia shrugged. Now his heart in relief. Pretty girl was not there anything a love affair with Ikwan. Apparently all the problems it is only one ideology and slander others. Jealous of her missing immediately. 

"And amazed .. who also took pictures and conductivity kat Lia Wan? It's clear there are people who mahu destroy our relationship? "Said Alia, too. 

"Yes! Maybe Aaron, too? "Alia mengganguk in agreement with the words Ikwan it. they looked at each other. Smiled at each other. They do not care whether the motive of Aaron, the most important now that they're back together. 

"Excuse me?" Asked Ikwan once again. 

"Leah also .." Reply Alia. 

"In vain did bencikan Lia Wan .. we knew only misconception .. "The word Ikwan small laughing.Remembering the attitude a few weeks off. The entire contents of the house became the place let go of anger. Berbakul-basket leteran kerana her mother became belligerent attitude is not necessarily art. His men in the officers did not dare to steal the bone, that is not afraid of Ikwan arbitrarily exchanging wind. The boss who used to be humane and intimate get violent erratic.Abstinence is a taxable mistaken louder angry!Everything article image it receives it. Helina perangainya was always merungut with the ever-changing wind. Comical buffoon want any trouble. If it was like a forced smile! 

"BenarkahWan bencikan Leah?" Ask Alia suspect.

"Yes! Hate is very .. hate but longing .. ha ha ha ..Wan really miserable bear not miss Leah conference a few weeks. Sometimes Wan hope Leah will call or SMS Wan .. but when opened the handset .. just silent .. "nauseating Ikwan about his feelings when the winter of their relationship. 

"Leah also .. nak call Wan .. but remember Helina probably was with Wan .. "said Alia all, they laughed together. Apparently they are the same, blind jealous! 

"Leah was capable Zarul advice? Ask the conductivity behind the house .. "asked Ikwan to face undecided. Alia is just a pale face earlier. 

"Emn .." Alia smiled juice. Now she looks radiant. 

"Leah what's sick?" Asked Ikwan again, touch the forehead Alia. 

"It hurts the heart .." she replied with a smile. 

"Oh .. apparently! Hurt why should smile? "Said Ikwan after getting to know. She also smiles meleret. Alia simply refuse shoulder Ikwan with spoiled. Ikwan laughed at riaksi Alia. 

"Lia .." Call Ikwan with sound romantic. Alia looked up at his face which she loved. Really miss her on Ikwan. Mujurlah everything has changed either. 

"Emn .." 

"Jom we marry?" 

Alia's eyes widened. He stared at the face Ikwan will nail down applications that suddenly it. 

"Why? Not going? "Ask Ikwan again. 

"Wan applying Leah?" Nod. 

"Flowers? Ring? Ni nak would apply only kind? "Usik Alia with a mischievous grin. Ikwan big laugh.She pulled into the carriage Alia. Alia kehairanan. 

"Jom we go buy flowers and rings!" Ikwan back into the abdomen while the train. The train rolled into the rate bandaraya. 

"From now on .. if there are any problems, we should talk! Do not save themselves in liver .. ok? "whispered Ikwan Alia's hand as he led into the flower shop terhampir. Alia nodded. His face was filled with happy smile. Allegations like that might come again. But if menyintai love each other, if you love each other and that mutual trust between each other, whatever suspicions can definitely diredah together. Apparently the alleged love it passed too!
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"artikel direct and indirect speech "

artikel direct and indirect speech 

chiken feed
Duan Guangqinj was a Chinese magistrate who lived about a hundred years ago. He was famed for the fairness of his judgments.

One day while the magistrate was walking through a market he saw a crowd outside a poultry shop. On enquiring what the matter was he learnt that a peasant had accidentally dropped a heavy sack on a chicken, crushing it to death. The chicken was small, worth only about five coins, but the owner of the shop had caught the peasant by his throat and was demanding a hundred. His argument was that the chicken would have grown into a plump bird in another two years and then it would have fetched him the amount he was asking for.

Somebody recognized the magistrate, and everybody made way for him.

“Judge our case, My Lord!” said the owner of the chicken, letting go of the peasant and bowing obsequiously to the magistrate. “This man, through his carelessness has caused the death of a chicken that would have fetched me a hundred coins in another two years!”

Fear had made the peasant’s speech incoherent. Nobody could understand what he was saying.

“The price put on the chicken is hundred coins,” said the magistrate, to the peasant. “I advise you to pay.”

There was a gasp from the crowd. Everybody had expected the magistrate to rule in the peasant’s favor.

The owner of the chicken was overjoyed.

“They said you were fair in your judgments, My Lord,” he said, rubbing his hands in glee, “now I can say there is no one fairer than you!”

“The Law is always fair,” smiled the magistrate. “Tell me, how much grain does a chicken eat in a year?”

“About half a sack,” said the poultry shop owner.

“So in two years the chicken that died would have eaten a whole sack of grain,” said Duan Guangqinj. “Please give the sack of grain you’ve saved to this man.”

The chicken owner turned pale. A sack of grain would cost more than hundred coins. Cowed by the jeers of the crowd, he declared he would not take any money from the peasant, and retreated into the safety of his shop.

"contoh direct dan indirect"

contoh direct and indirect

a) Command :

Direct: He said to his servant, “Go away at once!”

Indirect:He ordered his servant to go away at once

b) Precept :

Direct: She said to her son, “Study hard!”

Indirect: He advised her son to study hard

c) Request :

Direct: He said to his friend, “Please lend me your pen!”

Indirect: He asked his friend to be kind enough to lend him his pencil

d) Entreaty :

Direct: He said to his master, “Pardon me, sir”

Indirect: He begged his master to pardon him.

e) Prohibition :

Direct: She said to her daughter, “Don’t go there”

Indirect: She forbade her daughter to go there

Kalau reporting verb say atau tell diubah menjadi reported verb ask, order, command dsb (tapi jika bukan forbid), predikatnya diubah ke dalam infinitive with to yang didahului oleh not atau no + infinitive with to.

Direct: She said to her daughter, “Don’t go there”

Indirect: She asked herdaughter not to go there.

"pengertian DIRECT dan INDIRECT speech

penjelasan direct and indirect speech

Kalimat Langsung Dan Kalimat Tak Langsung
Bilamana reported speech menyatakan kata-kata yang sebenarnya, ini disebut direct speech (kalimat langsung). Kalimat-kalimat tersebut tidak dihubungkan oleh “that” melainkan harus ditandai dengan (tanda baca) koma.

Bilamana reported speech memberikan isi pokok kata-kata yang dipakai oleh si pembicara dan bukan kata-kata yang sebenarnya ini disebut indirect speech (kalimat tidak langsung). Dalam indirect speech kalimat-kalimat itu dihubungkan dengan kata “that”.

Bentuk waktu reporting verb tidak diubah, akan tetapi bentuk waktu reported speech harus diubah berdasarkan atas bentuk waktu reporting verb.

Dua cara perubahan bentuk waktu pada reported speech :

Peraturan I

Kalau reporting verb itu past tense, bentuk waktu kata kerja dalam reported speech itu harus diubah ke dalam salah satu dari empat bentuk past tense.

Direct Speech – Indirect Speech

Simple present – menjadi – Simple past

He said ” The woman comes “ He said that the woman came

Dari contoh di atas dapat disimpulkan perubahan untuk bentuk waktu dari reported speech sebagai berikut :
Direct Speech

Simple present

Present continuous

Present perfect

Present perfect continuous

Simple past

Past continuous

Future

Present
Indirect Speech

Simple past

Past continuous

Past perfect

Past perfect continuous

Past perfect

Past perfect continuous

Past

Past

Kekecualian :

Kalau reported speech berhubungan dengan kebenaran umum atau fakta yang sudah menjadi

kebiasaan, present indefinite atau simple present dalam reported speech tidak diubah ke dalam

bentuk lampau yang sesuai, melainkan tetap persis sebagaimana adanmya, contoh :

Direct Speech – Indirect Speech

He said, “The sun rises in the east” – He said that the sun rises in the east

Dalam reported speech, bila present tense diubah ke dalam past tense dengan peraturan I, kata sifat, kata kerja atau kata keterangan umumnya diubah:
Direct Speech

this = ini

these = ini

come = datang

here = di sini, ke sini

hence = dari sini

hither = ke tempat ini

ago = yang lalu

now = sekarang

today = hari ini

tomorrow = besok

yesterday = kemarin

last night = tadi malam

next week = minggu depan

thus = begini

contoh :

He said, “I will come here”.
Indirect Speech

that = itu

those = itu

go = pergi

there = di sana, ke sana

thence = dari sana

thither = ke tempat itu

before = lebih dahulu

then = pada waktu itu

that day = hari itu

next day = hari berikutnya

the previous day = sehari sebelumnya

the previous night = semalam sebelumnya

the following week = minggu berikutnya

so = begitu

He said that he would go there

Akan tetapi kalau this, here, now dan sebagainya menunjukan pada benda, tempat atau waktu ketika berbicara, maka tidak dilakukan perubahan.

Agus said, “This is my pen”. – Agus said that this was his pen

(ketika berbicara pena berada di tangan pembicara)

Peraturan II

1) Bila reported speech kalimat berita

Dengan peraturan ini reporting verb dianggap dalam present atau future tense tertentu dan kapan saja ini terjadi, bentuk waktu dari kata kerja dalam reported speech tidak diubah sama sekali dalam mengubah direct menjadi indirect speech.

Reporting verb – Reported speech

Present tense – Any tense (bentuk waktu apapun)

Direct : She says to her friend, ” I have been writing “.

Indirect : She says to her friend that he has been writing. (tidak berubah)

Direct : She has told you, ” I am reading “.

Indirect : She has told you that he is reading. (tidak berubah)

Direct : She will say, ” You have done wrongly “.

Indirect : She will tell you that you have done wrongly. (tidak berubah)

Direct : She will say,” The boy wasn’t lazy “.

Indirect : She will tell them that the boy wasn’t lazy. (tidak berubah)

2) Bila reported speech merupakan kalimat tanya

a) Reporting verb say atau tell diubah menjadi ask atau inquire. Dengan mengulangi kata tanya dan mengubah tenses jika pertanyaannya dimulai dengan kata tanya diberitakan.
Direct

He said to me, “Where are you going?”

He said to me, “What are you doing?”
Indirect

He asked me where I was going

He inquired of me what I was doing

b) Dengan menggunakan if atau whether sebagai penghubung antara reporting verb dan reported speech dan mengubah tenses, jika pertanyaannya dimulai dengan kata kerja diberitakan :
Direct

He said to me, “Are you going

away today?”

He asked me , “can you come along?”
Indirect

He asked me whether I was

going away that day.

He asked me if I could come along.

3) Kalimat perintah (imperative sentences)

Bila reported speech merupakan kalimat perintah, reporting verb say atau tell harus diubah menjadi kata kerja tertentu yang menandakan :

· command (perintah), misalnya ordered, commanded, dsb yang berarti menyuruh, memerintahkan.
· precept (petunjuk, bimbingan, didikan), misalnya advised yang berarti menasehati.
· request (permohonan), misalnya asked yang berarti meminta, memohon.
· entreaty (permohonan yang sangat mendesak), misalnya begged yang berarti meminta, memohon (dengan sangat).
· prohibition (larangan), misalnya forbade yang berarti melarang.

Dalam perubahannya dari kalimat langsung menjadi kalimat tidak langsung, modus imperatif harus diganti dengan infinitif. Tegasnya, reported verb (kata kerja yang diberitakan atau kata kerja dalam reported speech) harus diubah menjadi infinitive with to.